Essay about James Joyces The Dead - 3163 Words

James Joyces The Dead In The Dead, James Joyce lets symbolism flow freely throughout his short story. James Joyce utilizes his main characters and objects in The Dead to impress upon his readers his view of Dublin’s crippled condition. Not only does this apply to just The Dead, Joyce’s symbolic themes also exude from his fourteen other short stories that make up the rest of Joyce’s book, Dubliners, to describe his hometown’s other issues of corruption and death that fuel Dublin’s paralysis. After painting this grim picture of Dublin, James Joyce uses it to express his frustration and to explain his realistic view that the only solution to the issues with Dublin depends on a move to the West and towards a new life, rather than†¦show more content†¦Coupled with his depiction of Dublin’s immobile status through his characters, James Joyce also exemplifies his theme of paralysis through snow. In Daniel R. Schwarz’s psychoanalytic criticism of The Dead, he explains that â€Å"the snow imagery focuses our attention on a world outside Gabriel†¦where as ice, it suggests the emotional sterility of a world reduced to social gestures, empty talk, and loveless relationships† (Schwarz 123). However, I disagree with Schwarz and believe that James Joyce uses snow to symbolically represent the cold and dead Dublin due to its uncertain political period. When Gabriel first enters his aunt’s party, â€Å"A light fringe of snow lay like a cape on the shoulders of his overcoat and like toecaps on the toes of his galoshes; and as the buttons of his overcoat slipped with a squeaking noise through the snow-stiffened frieze, a cold fragrant air from out-of-doors escaped from crevices and folds† (The Dead 23). This symbolism comes back at the end of The Dead through Gabriel’s later thoughts on how the snow â€Å"was falling on every part of the dark central plain, on the treeless hills†¦falling upon every part of the lonely churchyard,† and touching both the living and the dead, symbolizing that not only Gabriel, but his entire country, both the living and the lifeless had been united inShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of James Joyces The Dead And Araby1651 Words   |  7 Pagesencounter. Jame Joyce’s works portray his characters to display both inner struggles and difficulty being socially accepted. During the party, Gabriel is anxious and nervous because he wants to uphold this reputation of a confident man. Therefore, he creates a script allowing him to have a sense control and comfort which he lacks. In Contrast, the little boy perceives himself to be self-assured and sociable when in reality these ideas are inflicted by his imagination. James Joyce’s â€Å"The Dead† and â€Å"Araby†Read More Reader Response to James Joyces The Dead Essays1072 Words   |  5 PagesReader Response to Joyces The Dead       James Joyces story The Dead has a tremendous impact on the readers, especially those who are familiar with the political situation in Ireland at the time about which the Joyce wrote the final story in Dubliners.   In exploring the meaning of James Joyces long short-story, The Dead, there are many critical approaches to take.   Each approach gives readers a lens, a set of guidelines through which to examine and express ideasRead MoreCharacter Analysis of Gabriel in James Joyces The Dead596 Words   |  2 PagesGabriel: The hollow man of James Joyces short story The Dead In James Joyces short story The Dead, the character of Gabriel begins the story confident of what he knows, and ends the story depressed, realizing he is a hollow shell of a man. The T.S. Eliot poem The Wasteland famously portrays a world in which all meaning is lost, and men are hollow and stuffed with nothing of true substance. What are the roots that clutch, what branches grow/Out of this stony rubbish? asks Eliot in hisRead MoreEssay on James Joyces quot;The Deadquot;964 Words   |  4 Pages James Joyces short story The Dead deals with the meaning of life. This title is significant and enhances several aspects of the story. First of all, it reveals that the characters are unable to be emotional. They are physically living but emotionally dead. Second of all, it contributes to the main subject of the story, Gabriels epiphany. The title contributes to these aspects of the story by adding meaning and acting as a reminder of the overall theme of the story. The title, The DeadRead More Human Identity in James Joyces The Dead Essay928 Words   |  4 PagesHuman Identity in The Dead nbsp; The short story, The Dead, is the final story in Dubliners, but it is characteristic of a number of previous stories. In the first story, The Sisters, a young boy is confronted with the death of an influencing figure in his life. The women in Eveline and Clay are haunted by death: Eveline, by the memory of her mother, and Maria, by the omen of her own death. A Painful Case is the story of the tragic death of a rejected woman. A dead political figure isRead MoreEssay on Vitality and Death in James Joyces The Dead2238 Words   |  9 PagesVitality and Death in The Dead  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   In his short story The Dead, James Joyce creates a strong contrast between Gabriel, who is emotionally lifeless, and the other guests, who are physically aging and near death. Though physical mortality is inevitable, Joyce shows that emotional sterility is not, and Gabriel ultimately realizes this and decides that he must follow his passions. Throughout the story, a strong focus on death and mortality, a focus that serves as a constant reminder of ourRead More Comparing the Living Dead in James Joyces The Dead and Dubliners1172 Words   |  5 PagesDubliners and The Living Dead      Ã‚  Ã‚   In his work The Dead, James Joyce utilizes his character Michael Furey, Gretta Conroys deceased love from her youth, as an apparent symbol of how the dead have a steadfast and continuous power over the living.   The dominant power which Michael maintains over the protagonist, Gabriel Conroy, is that Gabriel is faced with the intense question of whether his wife, Gretta Conroy, loves him and whether he honestly loves her.   Joyce provides substantial informationRead MoreEssay on James Joyces The Dead - Gabriels Search for Self3552 Words   |  15 PagesGabriels Search for Self in The Dead       The study of Gabriels character is probably one of the most important aims in James Joyces The Dead1. What shall we think of him? Is the reader supposed to think little of Gabriel or should he/she even feel sorry for him? This insecurity already implies that the reader gets more and more aware that he/she develops ambivalent feeling towards Gabriel and that his character is presented from various perspectives. Gabriels conduct appears to be splitRead MoreModernism and Existential Loneliness Demonstrated in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness and James Joyces The Dead855 Words   |  4 Pagesmodernism in its rawest form are Joseph Conrad and James Joyce. Both Conrad and Joyce incorporate one of the key characteristics of modernism throughout their works, Conrad in Heart of Darkness and Joyce in The Dead. The key characteristic that each writer targets in on is existential loneliness. It is a predominant theme throughout both of their works. A working definition of existential l oneliness as illustrated throughout Conrad and Joyce’s works is the inability of one character to feel acceptedRead MoreModernism Defined in T.S. Eliots The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock and James Joyces The Dead1506 Words   |  7 PagesIn fact, no one is exactly sure if the movement has even ended yet. But that’s befitting of the period, as well as the pieces of literature that serve to define Modernism. Two pieces, T.S. Eliot’s â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† and James Joyce’s â€Å"The Dead†, are epitomes of this modernism. In both, the main characters are paralyzed by an inability to communicate, even while speaking. Whether through Prufrock’s musings concerning love life, or Gabriel’s inability to evoke certain feelings out

The Current State Of Americas Meat Industry - 1569 Words

Key to the current state of America’s meat industry, according to Michael Pollan, author of The Omnivore’s Dilemma, is the fact that it is primarily hidden from the consumer. The consumer, as well as corporations, have chosen to build walls instead of demanding transparency. The general public and journalists are not permitted to enter abattoirs of many corporations, leaving the judgement of how animals should be slaughtered to the businesses themselves. State and federal regulations are not often put into practice as they should be, enabling the corporation to decide what is ‘humane’ and what is not. Handing this judgement to a profit organisation enables the corporation to find the most efficient and most lucrative system, ignoring†¦show more content†¦Pollan argues that transparency in the meat industry would hold businesses accountable to regulations and to the desires of the consumer as well as preventing the abuse of our natural resources. Po llan’s statement in Omnivore’s Dilemma, ‘No other country raises and slaughters its food animals quite as intensively or as brutally as we do’, is not a claim to fame for the USA. Many Americans would not necessarily agree with this statement because they are ignorant of the system, they have chosen not to see what really happens to the animals they eat every day. Corporations have been permitted to pursue profit irrespective of the cost. Pollan explores the issue by discovering what he would consider the wrong ways as well as the right ways to slaughter animals for their meat. In his effort to find the right way, when working on Polyface farm, Pollan dreaded being a part of processing the chickens. Yet, he knew that because he ate meat, he needed an education in the reality of killing animals. He could not go on as a meat eater if he was not willing to be fully acquainted with what having meat on a dinner plate entails. By killing a chicken and coming to terms with how that made him feel, he could develop a personal insight into the ethics of eating animals. Pollan intended to continue eating meat but he could not ignore his own ethical quandary when faced with throwing the chicken guts into the compost. He

The messenger essay task free essay sample

‘In what way is The Messenger about ‘response to challenge’? How does this relate to changes in Ed over the course of the novel?’ Even though Ed has a series of questions throughout his journey, the main part of his challenge is to overcome his own personal barriers that he built himself. His challenge is himself, and his self-doubt. Ed encounters many different types of physical, intellectual and emotional challenges. Each quest Ed undertakes changes and molds him into his full potential. Ed is faced with a huge challenge right from the start. The writer, Markus Zusak, gives the reader the impression that Ed is capable of taking on a challenge. For example; the bank robbery: Ed jumps to the challenge, saving thousands of dollars, and making him look like a hero when he takes the gun, and defeats the robber. However, Ed disregards his ability to be a leader, just as he ignores that he is the hero in this bank robbery; he doesn’t believe that he deserves the recognition that he gets. We will write a custom essay sample on The messenger essay task or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Markus Zusak has shown that Ed is a better person than he thinks he is. Ed speaks of himself as a lazy, unclean, man who can’t even finish school, which tells the reader that Ed has a negative self-image. This small section at the beginning of the book gives, the reader the impression that Ed can quite easily take control over a situation and makes the right decisions; he just doesn’t know it yet. This is where Ed starts his journey. From the moment the robber walks into the bank, Ed is faced with the challenge: let the man walk out with everyone’s money, or step up and take control. Ed is faced with another challenge; 45 Edgar Street, midnight written on the ace of diamonds. All he has is a piece of paper with three words on it. He doesn’t know how to respond to this challenge. He shows initiative when he travels to Edgar Street, and watches the family to find out if can see an obvious problem to solve. It doesn’t take long for Ed to see what the problem is, a man raping his wife, leaving her to cry most nights on the front porch. Ed doesn’t respond to this confronting situation straight away, this was the first time anyone had relied on him for anything. His first challenge was to act on what he had encountered. He has the chance to make a life changing decision for someone, and feels as if he couldn’t walk out on this, but he did. This shows that Ed still has room to grow, and that his journey is not over yet. By the end of the book, Ed is more aware of what he has to do: figure out what the subject needs help with, and fix it. He is stunned; however, when he finds out the subject is his own mother. Everything he has learned from his previous cards is put aside. Other times, Ed has helped strangers, and it was easier to watch them, and pick out their problems, than someone he knows and loves. This is a setback for him: he doesn’t know how to respond to it, as it is so close to home. This is an informal important part of Ed’s journey because he is now realizing that all these cards and addresses have been chosen for him. He knows it’s no coincidence that it is his mother that he is to help now. He accepts that whoever is behind this has thought this through well and knows more about him then he had first thought. The challenge however was not so much for his mother, but for Ed to accept and tell his mother that he is okay with her moving, on and to see his mother happy. This challenge helps him to recognize that he is changing as a person. He has never stood up to his mother before, even though he has strong opinions about her, but had always kept them to himself. Ed finds himself yelling and confessing his true thoughts and feelings about his mother, on her front porch a few days later. He knows that he has changed when he walks away, holding his head high. He knew that he would have of never had the courage to do this before. He is finally starting to accept that he is changing and becoming a better person. Previously, Ed had not known how to respond to challenges, and had never taken initiative when faced with obstacles. After his journey, when Ed was faced with a consequence that he could not ignore, he was able to face challenge constructively and positively. Each challenge he was given helps Ed grow into, a brave and motivated person. The way Ed responds to challenge is different from his first card to the last, and he finally has the motivation to set goals and strive to achieve them.

Finding Waldo free essay sample

1987 brought the world a hide-and-seek legend. It brought us the stripes-clad, glasses-wearing Waldo who in every illustration resides among the mess of cartoon scenery. Find Waldo, each page instructs, but how? What if each of us is Waldo, drawn into a pandemonium that we must first make sense of? Some drawings are simpler than others, and Waldo can be found in less time. Others require a break, to come back and reassess Waldo’s location. Still others implore the help of another person. Once Waldo is found, though, the page is turned. We, the Waldos, are lost once again. Likely without knowing it, British illustrator Martin Handford created a metaphor for the ultimate search in life: the search to find oneself. My quest to find Waldo took me seventeen years- essentially my entire life. I did not realize its importance, though, until after my freshman year and after listening to stories of all the excitement my friends had lived through. We will write a custom essay sample on Finding Waldo or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In my mediocre life of maintaining perfect grades, competing in a side sport, and keeping family values, I had not considered anything except the planned future. College, a career, and this abstract idea of accomplishment were there, but the words of Frank Zappa terrified me. â€Å"If you end up with a boring miserable life because you listened to your mom, your dad, you teacher, your priest, or some guy on television telling you how to do [it] then you deserve it.† I did not want to deserve it. I wanted to complete my quest, to find Waldo before time ran out and my perceived mundane future loomed before me. This past summer, I finally figured out that he can indeed be found. Waldo is where the heart is. Waldo is the two seconds in the air between cliff and water after I jump. He is skiing hand in hand with my friends and the ski bum town I feel so at home in. He is making breakfast with two of my favorite people and the laughter that echoed through the kitchen when one of the pancakes, flipped off the skillet in my attempt to show off, hit the ceiling. Waldo is rock climbing, fountain running, beach walks, teaching myself to play ukulele, and performing for the block-long line at the frozen yogurt joint. Waldo is sleeping under the stars but usually not sleeping at all. He’s music: by the campfire, in the pool, or spilling freely out of every open car window as I ride my bike down the street to pick up my mango juice. Waldo is a week with the camp folk I call my family and falling in love each day I spend there. Waldo is indescribable moments, snapshots in a scrapbook I’m not yet ready to put away. I found Waldo this summer, not in one place but on every page in the story I lived this season. As with every book, I was saddened to finish it, but more await, and I am ready.

Jane Austens The text of Persuasions from a cultural stand point

Jane Austen’s novel titled Persuasion is a captivating must-read chef-d’oeuvre that presents an expression of the profound concerns she raised about the use of persuasion and the levels at which individuals use it in her society. Persuasion has proved a working tool based on how it influences an individual’s choices.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Jane Austen’s ‘The text of Persuasions’ from a cultural stand point specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although the book was tilted by her brother after she died, persuasion as a title suits it as the working theme of the entire story. Therefore, from a cultural point of view, as the paper exposes, Jane Austen highlights in the book her deep-seated concerns on cultural flaws through the voice of the heroine that determined the choices and the moral suasion of young women in her days. Jane Austen recognized that the societ y she lived had flaws some of which deserved moral questioning but remained unquestioned. Although she was herself lucky to receive a quality education, which led her to start her writings early in her life, Jane Austen, in this novel, expresses her concerns about the various flaws in the society through the story of the heroine Anne Elliot and entire Elliot’s family. In this society, a person’s identity was majorly based on class and not other factors that matter in the contemporary society such as intellect, ambition and abilities. For instance, choosing a suitor for a woman who wanted to marry was principally based on class. Seven years prior to the opening events in the story, Anne Elliot who was in love with the young navy officer by the name Fredrick Wentworth was persuaded to leave him on the basis that he was poor and did not belong to the gentry. This aspect of viewing people based on their social standing is among the cultural issues at the time that Jane Aus ten was raising concerns against in her book. As the documentation of her life reveals, Jane Austen refuses to be part of the machinery with which people around her made their decisions. The character Anne Elliot was influenced trough persuasion by her confidante to break the engagement with Fredrick Wentworth who later came into her life with his context totally changed and this time rich and successful. Anne Elliot struggles with her emotions and attraction to Fredrick when they later meet while staying with the Crofts. Fredrick had never forgiven her for rejecting him as it is revealed by the uncomplimentary comment he issues about Anne’s changed appearance. It is this social branding that trouble people later in their lives that Jane Austen was highlighting in the novel. To Jane Austen, persuasion faces moral dangers, as the decisions made afterward may not be to the person’s interest in the future. In Jane Austen’s society as depicted in ‘persuasionsà ¢â‚¬â„¢, a person’s place in the society was different from the manner it is in today’s society. An individual was not considered as so but as a social being whose place was influenced by their conduct and interactions with other people in the society. Manners were considered extraordinarily vital in depicting a person’s worth in the society.Advertising Looking for research paper on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Fredrick Wentworth is an admirable character in the book majorly because of his manners and an appealing character. Social interaction, which was the upheld expression in Jane Austen’s time, has been replaced by individualism. Appearing as a civilized person and upholding a strong sense were key factors for one to be considered as acceptable in the society. In choosing marriage partners, women had to look for suitors who fully conformed to a culturally set criterion. Th e role of the family to an individual, when making personal decisions, is highlighted by Jane in her book. In her society, when a woman wanted to marry, she had to seek advice from family members and take the opinions of the family members into keen consideration. According to Weissman, the character Anne Elliot made the decision to reject the marriage offer from the then young and poor Fredrick Wentworth after she was persuaded by her late mother’s confidante and her close friend the widow woman Russell (289). A person’s personal decision affected the entire family structure. That called for the need to make consultations whenever such a decision was to be made. Inviting Fredrick Wentworth to become a member of the family would interfere with the family esteem and their reputation as the gentry. In today’s society, a person makes a choice based on his/her personal interests without putting into consideration what people would say about the family. In matters to do with love, putting the opinions of others into consideration does not hold for many people. Ownership of property in Austen’s society was mainly determined by the family in which a man was born. Women in the 18th century were considered to be only in charge of the private lives while, on the other hand, men were considered determinants of the public affairs. As a result, women were not entitled to equal opportunities as men in that society. Jane Austen had the rare opportunity of receiving education through her father who was a member of the clergy. Women in that society were, therefore, not able to own property or even inherit from their fathers. Therefore, marriage was left as the only way through which a woman could change her social standing in the society. Through the depiction of the character of Anne Elliot as an intelligent and a courageous woman, Jane Austen introduces the notion of women as capable of doing the things that men are capable of and consequently tri ggered the women rights advocacy that came later. Anne administers first aid to Louisa when everyone else including Fredrick Wentworth just stood aside and watched thinking that she is dead. The place of the woman in that society is depicted as mainly indoors is challenged in ‘persuasions’.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Jane Austen’s ‘The text of Persuasions’ from a cultural stand point specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Through Anne Eliot’s words, Austen makes a remark about the women’s condition as living under the mercy of males and only recording history. â€Å"Men have had every advantage of us in telling their own story†¦the pen has been in their hands, and I will not allow books to prove anything† (Spacks 277). Anne Elliot is the first character that Jane Austen used in her work that is well past the bloom of youth and yet hopeful for a l ove filled future life. Jane Austen writes, â€Å"Anne longed for the power of representing to them all what they were about and of pointing out some of the evils they were exposing themselves to and she did not attribute guile to any† (Spacks 279). The happy conclusion of the book places it among the best fairy tales, which uplifts the woman and portrays the woman’s eminent victory in the end. In cases where England was involved in warfare, this was considered as just a war of making a fortune. There was no discussion before this as to whether gaining through engaging in warfare was ethical. Young men whose situations would not allow them to inherit joined the army to make a living. Fredrick Wentworth was rejected on the basis that she did not possess the economic and social status qualifications and so he decided to join the navy to be able to change his situation. â€Å"The navy, I think, who have done so much for us, and have at least an equal claim with any other set of men, for all the comforts and all the privileges which any home can give. Sailors work hard enough for their comforts, we must all allow†(Johnson 280). The morality of gaining through conquering other people was not questioned before Jane Austen wrote ‘persuasions’. Jane Austen’s brothers significantly succeed in the Royal Army. Therefore, based on the expositions made in the paper, persuasion stands out as the means that Austen used to address the then society’s cultural weaknesses. She assertively urged women of her time to accord her the due support to fight the intolerable cultural issues that had taken hold of the then society. Considering the time when Jane Austen wrote ‘Persuasions’, there was the belief that the English society, as well as the English institutions, were superior to others from anywhere else in the world. Jane Austen, therefore, pioneered the struggle for the change of cultural norms that were elevated by these institutions. Otherwise, Jane Austen’s Persuasion is an informative piece of masterwork. Works Cited Johnson, Claudia. The Unfeudal Tone of the Present Day. The text of persuasion. The  Text of Persuasion. New York: Norton, 1995. Print.Advertising Looking for research paper on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Spacks, Patricia. Anne Elliot’s Education: The learning of romance in persuasion. The  Text of Persuasion. New York: Norton, 1995. Print. Weissman, Cheryl. Doubleness and Refrain in Jane Austen’s Persuasion. The text of  Persuasion. New York: Norton, 1995. Print. This research paper on Jane Austen’s ‘The text of Persuasions’ from a cultural stand point was written and submitted by user Giovanna C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Black Woman In Advertising Essays - Advertising, Free Essays

Black Woman In Advertising Essays - Advertising, Free Essays Black Woman In Advertising In recent years black woman have made big strides in the area of advertising, but regardless of these efforts black woman all still shown as submissive or being dominated. Few women are shown as strong or self-sufficient. I believe a lot of black woman are made to deal with racism and the fact they don't look like a white woman on their job. I will try to show that although things may look like it is changing. The present is still closer to the past than we realize and there is much that is still the same. Past Black Woman In Advertising (verse one) In past advertisement, black woman have been depicted as big lip, fat, very dark, always willing to please. This physical appaerance was a tiypical sterotype held by many non-blacks American. In the nineteen century the view of black woman was always distorted. One place you can find a miss representation of a color woman is the film Driving Miss Dasey. Black woman in adds were always presented very asexual with a big stupid looking smile on they face. I often wonder how hard it had to be to go to work with a smile when you know that racisum and sexism is all around you. A prime example of what I have stated so far is the Aunt Jemima's adds off the late 1940's. Here was a black woman with her hear tied with a kerchief, big fat lips, very dark skin, and with a very big smile on her face. By the early 80's the features began to change, she became lighter and the smile became more realistic. I believe the only reason for these changes was the woman's movement of the late 60's early 70's and the civil rights movement of the 60's. Today's Black Woman in Advertising (same song different verse) Although much has change from the ads of pass black woman. Such things For example were the kerchief, dark skin, and lips. Women are still being portrayed as submissive or being dominated in ads. In a white dominated society, whiteness is what is beautiful. So black woman are socialized into thinking that they have to appear white, otherwise they are not beautiful (Hook, 1992). Black woman often have to learn to become less black and learn to talk and acted more white. This is way I believe so many black woman are trying to lighten they skin and change their physical features. There are few magazines were a realistic representation of black beauty can be found in a magazine. Two such magazines are Essence and Ebony. What I find ironic is that black women are being used in adds to get other black women to become blacker. In 1990, 44 million dollars was spend by black women trying to become more like the black women they saw in adds who looked white (Russell, Wilson, & Hall. 1992). Adds today also tend to show woman with long smooth hair which was associated with middle class, while short fizzle hair was associated with black woman that were less fortunate (Russell, Wilson, & Hall. 1992:83). I believe these ads are responsible for such products as Dark & Lovely. I can relate to you many more cases were black women, who in some way resemble a white women are used in advertising to get other black women to buy a certain product. I can do this but all you have to do is look all around you there are ads all over the place. Future Black Woman In Advertising (new song) In recent years black woman have made big strides in the area of advertising, but regardless of these efforts black woman all still shown as submissive or being dominated. Few women are shown as strong or self-sufficient. I believe a lot of black woman are made to deal with racism and the fact they don't look like a white woman on their job. I will try to show that although things may look like it is changing. The present is still closer to the past than we realize and there is much that is still the same. Past Black Woman In Advertising (verse one) In past advertisement, black woman have been depicted as big lip, fat, very dark, always willing to please. This physical appaerance was a tiypical sterotype held by many non-blacks American. In the nineteen century the view of black woman was always distorted. One place you can find a miss representation of a color woman is the film Driving Miss Dasey. Black woman in adds were always presented very asexual with a big stupid looking smile

Admission Eassy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Admission Eassy - Essay Example A specific industry that interests me a lot is enervation. I want to become a world leader in new enervation technologies and implementing them into a business environment. Completing an MBA degree will help a lot towards achieving my professional goals. The MBA program will improve my analytical abilities, market research capabilities, and quantitative reasoning. The enervation movement is important to me because the planet depends on the efforts of corporations in order to find ways to save energy and protect our environment. My professional experience includes working as a business analyst, instructional support technician, and salesman. These experiences have helped me improve my people skills. I have learned to work and deliver under pressure. My background in business at the undergraduate level and my working experiences make me an excellent candidate for the MBA program. Studying at the graduate level is going to be a very gratifying experience for me because I will get the ch ance to improve my knowledge base and meet a lot other students that have similar professional

Human Resource Management policies and techniques Essay

Human Resource Management policies and techniques - Essay Example The term, Human Resource Management had it origin in 1970s. However the concept of management of the organisational resources pertaining to the welfare and maintenance of manpower has received the attention of mangers of institutional entities since periods dating back to the centuries. This view is supported by the fact that even in 1800 BC itself, 'minimum wage rate' and 'incentive wage plan' were included in the Babylonian Code of Hammurabi (Ashwatappa K 2002, p.16).However after the second Word War, the approach over the management of personnel widened from mere welfare to more broader visions like development, control and professionalism. By the end the last century, Human Resource Management acquired a real professional perspective and scientific discussions were initiated in the corporate world leading to formulation of accurate management technologies. The Human Resource Management Challenges were scientifically identified and Development tools for Human Resources were lately discovered. The term, Human Resource Management is often mixed in ideology, with the term Personnel management. Though appearing similar in the outline, Human Resource Management differs from Personnel Management both in scope and orientation. Human Resource Management considers manpower as an important source or asset which can be utilised in favour of the organisation, employees and the society. It has a mutually benefiting approach benefiting the job provider, the worker and the society around the work environment. However Personnel management has a limited scope and an inverted orientation. The sole consideration of the manpower as a tool to be amended and utilized for the mere benefit of the organisation is the limitation in the approach of the concepts defined under Personnel management. Due to this circumscribed nature of the concepts under Personnel management, it was gradually replaced by the broader concept of Human Resource Management. The acceleration of this replacement across the globe was triggered as the largest professional organisation in the field of management, The American Society for Personnel Administration (ASPA) changed their name to The Society of Human Resource Management (SHRM). The Importance of Human Resource Management The importance of Human Resource Management is quite vital to make an organisation sustain in the corporate competitiveness of modern business. Human Resource Management would help an institution to get prepared and adapt to the continuous innovations in the corporate world. The maintenance of a state of the art Human Resource Management programme and policy would help institutions to attract quality manpower. Appropriate and optimised supply of skilled personnel can only be ensured through an accurate Human Resource Management Strategy. The efficacy of the trainings and other capacity building processes to be molded for the benefit of the organisation needs proper planning. These Human Resource trainings would prepare the work force to be ready in advance for the ever changing requirements of the industry. Another key benefit of proper Human Resource Management is that it would motivate the team and continuously upgrade them with relevance

Language Assessment Principles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Language Assessment Principles - Essay Example other words, this meant viewing as a student rather than as a teacher. Only after I understood what the student was seeing could I understand what would benefit the student, and therefore provide the necessary means of delivering that lesson. It basically allowed me to assess him based on what was challenging to him as a learner who was struggling to understand the language, rather than as the student of someone who was very fluent in the language. Another misconception I quickly became aware of was that I had always thought assessment was purely for the benefit of the student. While this is partially true, in an indirect way, assessment of a student can also greatly benefit the teacher. In fact, for a good teacher the assessment of a student is vital because through assessing the student, one is able to assess himself as a teacher, possibly better than he could through any other method. When a student struggles with certain aspects of language, but cannot point out exactly where ass essment helps to narrow it down and give information of which areas need more practice and which areas the student is weak in. This allowed me, as a teacher, to focus on those areas, and draw on the aspects of language which Anees was familiar with, or more comfortable with, to help make those unfamiliar areas more accessible for him. In other words, assessment helps a teacher asses his own process of teaching, and decide which areas need to be focused on and which areas can now be left on the student to practice in his own time.... Only after I understood what the student was seeing could I understand what would benefit the student, and therefore provide the necessary means of delivering that lesson. It basically allowed me to assess him based on what was challenging to him as a learner who was struggling to understand the language, rather than as the student of someone who was very fluent in the language. Another misconception I quickly became aware of was that I had always thought assessment was purely for the benefit of the student. While this is partially true, in an indirect way, assessment of a student can also greatly benefit the teacher. In fact, for a good teacher the assessment of a student is vital because through assessing the student, one is able to assess himself as a teacher, possibly better than he could through any other method. When a student struggles with certain aspects of language, but cannot point out exactly where, assessment helps to narrow it down and give information of which areas ne ed more practice and which areas the student is weak in. This allowed me, as a teacher, to focus on those areas, and draw on the aspects of language which Anees was familiar with, or more comfortable with, to help make those unfamiliar areas more accessible for him. In other words, assessment helps a teacher asses his own process of teaching, and decide which areas need to be focused on and which areas can now be left on the student to practice in his own time. Through the various assessment tasks I provided Anees, I found very clear insight into which aspects troubled him, which in turn made my job of teaching him much easier. Therefore, it can be said that assessment of a student is also a means of assessment for the teacher, and both student and teacher can find much to learn

Study Of Symptom Management Strategies For Palliative Care Nursing Essay

Study Of Symptom Management Strategies For Palliative Care Nursing Essay This essay revolves around Claire, her symptoms, her ability to cope as well as her husband Andrew. More precisely, it will focus on strategies which can be employed for symptom management. Central to any form of management strategy for Claire is a holistic assessment of her circumstances followed by planning, implementation and evaluation. This can often be accomplished by with the assistance of an assessment model which are all, to a large extent, broadly based on this plan, but each can analyse the problem from a different perspective. (Fawcett J 2005) If one first considers the situation under the aegis of the Roper Logan Tierney model (Roper, Logan Tierney 2000), this model analyses the major issues of patient management in terms of solving the patients difficulties in adapting to and coping with daily living, particularly if such coping is affected by either a physical disability or a disease process. In terms of those with malignant disease, this is clearly one of their major issues. Even a brief overview of the literature demonstrates that this model is extensively utilised and is possibly one of the most widely accepted models of patient management (Holland, Jenkins, Solomon Whittam 2003). One of the major weakness of this model can be seen in the fact that it is not particularly effective in producing management strategies that can be effective in dealing with patients who are frankly manipulative or are presenting with symptoms that are overtly psychological in nature. Whilst there is no suggestion that Claire is overtly manipulative, Johnson points to the fact that the management of psychological issues in palliative care is every bit as central to a successful outcome, as dealing with ostensibly more obvious symptom features such as pain control (Johnson 1999.) Management of such patients can be better if the healthcare professional views such functional behaviour as a adaption process to the illness role as described by the Roy adaption model. (Roy 1991) which seeks to describe patient behaviour in terms of the ability of the patient to adapt to whatever stimulus is generating the behaviour. In the case of the patient with malignant disease, knowledge of a terminal diagnosis is a potent stimulus for behaviour change. Utilisation of this model allows for the nursing management decisions to respond to the evolving trajectory of the illness. This model can prove useful insofar as it determines why the patient tends to exhibit different behaviour patterns or coping strategies in response to their illness trajectory but it is of no real value in circumstances where a patient enters a period of overt denial of their terminal situation. To use Claire as a case in point, it would appear that she is presenting her symptoms individually rather than as part of a spectrum associated with the primary pathophysiological cause. It is not uncommon, in such circumstances, for a person to present with an illness that is obviously terminal, but who insists on trying to continue their daily life pattern as if there was no immediate problem. To a degree, her expression of surprise at the fact that people have come out of the woodwork to visit her is an demonstration of this fact. In contrast to the other two models discussed, the adaption model would describe this as a variety of cognitive distortion rather than overt denial. Clearly the patient cannot adapt to something that they are choosing not to overtly confront. (Steiger Lipson 2005) Claire appears to be somewhere between these two eventualities. Obviously she is aware of her diagnosis, but is expressing surprise that people would suddenly want to visit her. The Johnsons behavioural model would probably be the most appropriate for this scenario as Claires behaviour pattern will almost certainly change as her symptomatology progresses. It follows that one has to take a view on the specific causation of the symptoms before one can take a rational view of the evidence base supporting any management strategies. Prior to the active consideration of the management of the symptoms, in the context of the behavioural model of patient management, one must comment on the huge spectrum of skills and requirements that are currently expected of the modern professional nurse. Yura et al. state, in their authoritative overview paper, that to be functional and effective the nurse must understand the human condition from the viewpoint of the pathophysiology, the psychology, the human dynamic and socio-economic elements of the patients presentation and disease trajectory . (Yura Walsh 2008). In Claires case, this is particularly appropriate. In terms of exploring the evidence base for symptom control. If one uses a biomedical symptom model, then the only significant symptoms are increasing breathlessness, cough and fatigue. There is also an element of insomnia which leads to tiredness during the day. Other, harder to define symptoms, which nevertheless stem from the underlying pathophysiology, but are not generally described in biomedical terms, include her feeling of lack of control of her life, and, by inference there is the issue of her increasing dependence on her husband, Andrew. If one considers the evidence base for symptomatic treatment, one should ideally first consider the four primary dimensions of palliative care as outlined by Cicely Saunders as they are particularly relevant to Claire, namely the physical, social, spiritual and psychological dimensions. (Saunders Regnard 1989). It follows that, although this essay will primarily consider symptomatic treatment of breathlessness, it must be understood that this should be delivered within the context of the holistic assessment of the patient discussed in the early paragraphs of this essay. In the words of Valente et al., The patient, whole and entire, has relatives, friends, beliefs and previous experiences all of which must be integrated into management strategy. (Valente Saunders 2010 Pg 25) Breathlessness, as a specific symptom, is the result of a complex interaction between the physical body and the conscious mind. It is the most commonly reported symptom found in association with lung cancer and one of the most potentially distressing. (Knower, Dunagan, Adair Chin 2007). Breathlessness, unlike the pain commonly associated with malignancies, is difficult to treat with any degree of success. The huge evidence level IIb Higginson trial of lung cancer patients clearly demonstrated that the prevalence of breathlessness rose as death approached and that treatment became progressively more ineffective (Higginson McCarthy 2008). In another large prospective evidence level IIb study by Edmonds et al. it was found that although clinicians and patients both tend to associate lung cancer primarily with pain, breathlessness has a similar incidence to the extent that 85% patients with lung cancer experienced pain and 78% had significant breathlessness in the last year of their li fe. (Edmonds, Karlsen, Khan Addington-Hall 2007) Treatment of breathlessness is particularly problematic. According to Knower et al. this is because the symptomatology is both varied and multifactorial. It is not simply a matter of too little tidal volume in the lungs, it is a multisystem disorder with many possible subtle neurohormonal abnormalities and interactions in skeletal and respiratory muscle structure and function. In addition, the experience is extremely subjective with the feeling of breathlessness being modified by not only previous experience of the symptom but also by pathways from a number of different areas within the central nervous system. Dorman et al. classify malignancy-associated breathlessness into four groups by their different causative mechanisms. An increase in the sense of respiratory drive or effort to overcome an imposed load (e.g. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD) An increase in the proportion of available respiratory muscle force required for breathing, observed in neuromuscular weakness in which respiratory motor output and the sense of effort increase (e.g. paraneoplastic syndromes) An increase in the patients ventilatory requirements (e.g. anaemia, hypoxaemia) The contribution of higher cortical experience to the sensation. Memory and previous experience as well as fear and anxiety will all modify the sensation of breathlessness. (Dorman, Jolley, Abernethy, Currow et al. 2009) The evidence base for treatment shows that one effective mechanism is to treatment any underlying additive cause, such as anaemia, hypoxia or bronchospasm. (Hatley, Laurence, Scott Thomas 2008) If one considers the physical elements first, a common factor in the experience of breathlessness in all these circumstances is anxiety. One common effective strategy to reduce the subjective sensation is for the patient to learn relaxation and calm breathing techniques and then to consciously use them whenever they feel anxious and breathless. Oxygen therapy is frequently useful in relieving the symptoms of breathlessness and the presence of a nasal catheter or mask is often reassuring for the patient. The main evidence base for symptomatic control however, comes from the use of the opioid and benzodiazepine group of medications. Opiates have by far the strongest evidence base with the evidence level Ib paper by Pharo et al. clearly demonstrating the reduction of both subjective and objective measurements of breathlessness in patients with lung cancer. (Pharo Zhou 2005). The authors point out that the side effects of opiates, as a class, must be carefully weighed against their probable clinical benefits. Careful examination of the evidence base supporting benzodiazepine use shows that it is less secure. Some authors (viz. Wotton 2004) reporting that they have reduced the sensation of dyspnoea in patients, the majority of randomised controlled trials (viz. Maher, Selecky, Harrod Benditt 2010,) have not been able to demonstrate any convincing benefit whilst showing significant side effects. They are also known to decrease respiratory drive and compromise lung function, worsening exercise tolerance. ( Franco-Bronson 2006). On balance, the evidence base does not support the use of the benzodiazepine group for t he relief of breathlessness in malignant disease. Anxiety and depression, both common associations of malignant disease, are commonly associated with increased perceptions of breathlessness. There is a substantial evidence base to show that aggressive treatment of both can produce significant improvement in subjective assessments of the symptom. Treatment of these conditions are complex and specialised and therefore will not be considered in detail. Kunik et al. have demonstrated in an evidence level IIa study that both anxiolytics (buspirone ) and psychological relaxation techniques are capable of producing significant decreases in levels of both anxiety and dyspnoea, as well as improved exercise tolerance among breathless patients. (Kunik, Azzam, Souchek, Cully, Wray, Krishnan, et al. 2007) In the interests of providing a comprehensive and balanced argument, note should be taken of the recent evidence level IIa paper by Lewith et al. which noted the positive, but not statistically significant effect of acupuncture on patients suffering from breathlessness. It should also be noted that these were patients with breathlessness as an all-cause symptom rather than specifically from malignant disease. (Lewith, Prescott Davis 2006) The evidence base relating to treatment of cough, a common symptom in lung cancer. It is generally taken to indicate involvement of the airways rather than the lung parenchyma, primarily because of the location of cough receptors. Kvale published a particularly helpful Medline review in 2008 which explored the evidence base for treatment options. (Kvale 2008). The paper itself is both extensive and comprehensive. Confining the discussion to the relevant portions of the paper shows that both surgery and radiotherapy (where appropriate) are both effective in reducing troublesome cough symptoms. A patient undergoing chemotherapy is less likely to have their cough symptoms reduced. There is a substantial evidence base to support the view that the use of inhaled bronchodilators and corticosteroids can be useful, but not in all cases. Specific antitussive centrally acting drugs that have been subjected to randomised controlled trials include codeine, hydrocodone, and dextromethorphan. Each of these has a strong supporting evidence base and minimum side effects. Dihydrocodeine has been specifically noted as having the dual purpose of both pain relief and cough suppression. (Homsi, Walsh, Nelson 2001). The opiate group in general, in addition to relieving pain and breathlessness are also strongly active in cough suppression. The authors make the point that many trials have noted the cough suppression effect of placebos in randomised controlled trials. This has not only the effect of adding an element of bias into the results, but also offers a line in management of cough in resistant cases. Fatigue is a common symptom associated with malignancies and certainly with lung cancer. This latter association is postulated to be related to the levels of chronic hypoxia in the later stages of the disease. (Higginson, McCarthy 2008) The Dagnelie et al. study is particularly useful in this respect as it considered the effect of fatigue on the quality of life of patients with lung cancer and found that it has clear statistical associations with the stage of the disease process, the degree of support that the patient has and also the mental state of the patient. (Dagnelie, Pijls-Johannesn, Lambin Beijer 2007). They found that those patients who had good support networks, and who were not depressed and who were able to maintain a good level of physical activity were the ones who were least likely to report significant levels of fatigue. A substantive literature search has failed to reveal any good quality trials which support these findings from a therapeutic perspective but intuitively, one might suggest that including the maintenance of a support network and direct assessment for depressive symptoms into a holistic management plan is likely to reduce levels of fatigue experienced by the patient. In passing, one can consider the very recent Breitbart study which looked at the use of psycho stimulants in cases of malignancy-related fatigue and found promising results from Modafinil, which is a new category of psychostimulant commonly referred to as wakefulness-promoting agent in the literature. It appears to be well tolerated and with few side effects. The results are too new to have yet been replicated with a larger randomised controlled trial and the authors also point to a large possible placebo effect in their trial. In these circumstances, the evidence base should perhaps be considered unproven until further evidence emerges. (Breitbart Alici 2010) The case study makes reference to passing reference to Andrew, Claires spouse, who retired two years ago and is clearly the main carer in this scenario. He does the shopping, cooking and various other domestic duties for Clare. Although we are told that this makes him feel useful the experienced and empathetic healthcare professional should be aware that the levels of occult depression in cancer-afflicted patients spouses is extremely high. (Kim, Duberstein, Sorensen Larson 2005) It has commonly been found to be the case that as the focus of care and intervention is generally targeted towards the patient, the carers, and particularly the spouses, do not have their needs either explored, considered or addressed. (Braun, Mikulincer, Rydall, Walsh Rodin 2007) It is part of the holistic assessment of the patients situation that the carers should be actively considered and managed as actively as the patient. This has the direct effect not only of trying to optimise the overall levels of care for the patient, but also promoting the spoken exchange of information, thoughts and feelings which are very likely not to be addressed of recognised, if not explicitly facilitated. (Kim, Schulz Carver 2007) The evidence base for these interventions is not strong. There is a considerable evidence base, from a large number of qualitative studies, which underlines the fact that spouses and carers, if supported, can improve the quality of life for the patient. It also appears to be the case that spiritual well being of the patient is improved if spouses and carers are encouraged and facilitated to talk about the situation, especially impending death, which is often regarded as a taboo subject in a household with a patient with a malignancy. Qualitative studies certainly strengthen the evidence base, but, in terms of guidelines and management strategies, they are generally not seen as being as robust as quantitative studies. (Gomm Davies 2008) In conclusion, the evidence base to devise a management strategy for Claire is dependent primarily on the mechanisms used to define her symptom base as well as her circumstances. It appears likely that Claire is adapting to her illness trajectory with a minimum of cognitive distortion, and is taking a rather fatalistic view of her situation. Management should clearly be primarily supportive, both of her and her spouse. The evidence base for symptom control is fairly strong. Pain is not a feature at the moment. Breathlessness could be tackled, initially by the instigation of anxiety-relieving behaviours and possibly by small doses of opiods. Cough can be helped by the use of dihydrocodeine if it is troublesome and fatigue needs careful evaluation to determine whether there is any depressive or psychological factors which are either primary of additive to the symptomatology. Claire may also need to be given permission to rest during the day and be told to pace herself with physical activity so that her fatigue is not such a problem for her. Healthcare professionals need to consider their interventions with the family very carefully. Claire perceives that they come out of the woodwork, which suggests that they are an unwelcome reminder of the fact that they are only there because she has a serious and ultimately terminal illness. Claire may need to be encouraged to talk and expand on this issue as the family may find it difficult if they are not welcomed, and Claire may need to be helped to confront the reality of her situation more directly. Andrew must not be overlooked when constructing a management strategy for this situation. It is a common finding for healthcare professionals to perceive that the spouse is being strong, but this may be a faà §ade for their partner. It is a useful strategy for the healthcare professional to make time to talk to Andrew on his own so that he can have the opportunity to raise issues that he may be unclear about. It may be that he does not know what to expect and is uncertain of the best way of handling the situation. Although possibly premature at the moment, part of the management plan should be to discuss how Andrew is going to approach a worsening situation. An essay such as this can only realistically consider the situation from a general approach. It is clearly the case that every strategy and intervention should be considered on the basis of a holstic assessment of the individual and the management tailored directly to the specific circumstances of the individual. Appendix I Classification of evidence levels Ia Evidence obtained from meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Ib Evidence obtained from at least one randomised controlled trial. IIa Evidence obtained from at least one well-designed controlled study without randomisation. IIb Evidence obtained from at least one other type of well-designed quasi-experimental study. III Evidence obtained from well-designed non-experimental descriptive studies, such as comparative studies, correlation studies and case studies. IV Evidence obtained from expert committee reports or opinions and/or clinical experience of respected authorities. (SIGN 2001) Appendix II Case Details Clares general practitioner has just referred her to the community palliative care service. Clare is a 65 year old woman, with lung cancer, an eventually fatal condition. She lives with her husband Andrew in their family home. Her two grown children are married and live interstate. Clare suffers from breathlessness, cough and fatigue. She gets distressed by her inability to catch her breath. Sometimes she has trouble sleeping at night and is frequently sleepy during the day. Clare says she doesnt have many strategies to help her manage her symptoms. She views her illness as a challenge as it impacts on what she can do and she doesnt feel in control of her life. Clare tells you that personal relationships are more meaningful for her now and she misses seeing her children, even though she keeps in frequent phone contact. She is surprised by the number of people who have come out of the woodwork and have come to visit her at home. Andrew retired two years ago so is able to do the shopping, cooking and other domestic duties for him and Clare. He says this makes him feel useful and its easier for him to do things than to talk about things. Andrew asks you if there is anything more he can do to help Clare.

Multiple Personality Disorder: No Excuse for Criminal Activity :: Argumentative Essay

Kenneth Bianchi, a man who has murdered many women, now claims that he has Multiple Personality Disorder. Can we possibly decide that it is reasonable to convict an individual of a crime if that individual suffers from Multiple Personality Disorder? This psychological malady, known as Multiple Personality Disorder, or sometimes as Multiple Dissociative Identity, is a mental illness in which a person develops two or more distinct identities that control the patient’s behavior. If an aberrant personality takes over, the individual no longer has control over one’s actions. The cause of this disorder is unknown; however, 97% of the patients with this disorder have been abused during childhood. Throughout time, the issue of a person having conflicting personalities inside, like Jekyll and Hyde, has been very controversial. Some authorities believe that this disorder does not exist, and some believe that it does. In a number of cases, criminals have used Multiple Personality Disorder as a defense for their criminal deviance. Should an individual who has committed a crime be sentenced to prison when he/she has no control over oneself? In my opinion an individual who commits a crime and suffers from Multiple Personality Disorder should be held responsible for his/her actions. As punishment, this convicted person should be sent to an asylum. In many criminal cases it is hard to believe that the defendant has multiple personalities because the defendant could be trying to deceive the jury. Statistics have proven that people with Multiple Personality Disorder usually refer to other personalities as â€Å"I.† A perfect example is Kenneth Bianchi who was on trial for murder and convinced his attorney that he had multiple personalities inside. Bianchi had the jury almost convinced that Steve Walker, Bianchi’s other personality, was responsible for the murders. Bianchi’s defense showed the first sign of unraveling when he started to refer to Steve Walker as â€Å"he† instead of â€Å"I.† Dr. Marti Torne, an authority in hypnosis, tested Bianchi. According to Dr. Torne, a person suffering from Multiple Personality Disorder will house three or more personalities. Bianchi failed this hypnosis test because he only presented two personalities. After Bianchi’s testimony, Bianchi started to m ake up a new personality, named Billy. However, the jury remained suspicious, and eventually Kenneth Bianchi was found guilty. In effect, his defense, depending on a claim of Multiple Personality Disorder, was deemed unconvincing. Kenneth Bianchi almost got away with murder. Multiple Personality Disorder: No Excuse for Criminal Activity :: Argumentative Essay Kenneth Bianchi, a man who has murdered many women, now claims that he has Multiple Personality Disorder. Can we possibly decide that it is reasonable to convict an individual of a crime if that individual suffers from Multiple Personality Disorder? This psychological malady, known as Multiple Personality Disorder, or sometimes as Multiple Dissociative Identity, is a mental illness in which a person develops two or more distinct identities that control the patient’s behavior. If an aberrant personality takes over, the individual no longer has control over one’s actions. The cause of this disorder is unknown; however, 97% of the patients with this disorder have been abused during childhood. Throughout time, the issue of a person having conflicting personalities inside, like Jekyll and Hyde, has been very controversial. Some authorities believe that this disorder does not exist, and some believe that it does. In a number of cases, criminals have used Multiple Personality Disorder as a defense for their criminal deviance. Should an individual who has committed a crime be sentenced to prison when he/she has no control over oneself? In my opinion an individual who commits a crime and suffers from Multiple Personality Disorder should be held responsible for his/her actions. As punishment, this convicted person should be sent to an asylum. In many criminal cases it is hard to believe that the defendant has multiple personalities because the defendant could be trying to deceive the jury. Statistics have proven that people with Multiple Personality Disorder usually refer to other personalities as â€Å"I.† A perfect example is Kenneth Bianchi who was on trial for murder and convinced his attorney that he had multiple personalities inside. Bianchi had the jury almost convinced that Steve Walker, Bianchi’s other personality, was responsible for the murders. Bianchi’s defense showed the first sign of unraveling when he started to refer to Steve Walker as â€Å"he† instead of â€Å"I.† Dr. Marti Torne, an authority in hypnosis, tested Bianchi. According to Dr. Torne, a person suffering from Multiple Personality Disorder will house three or more personalities. Bianchi failed this hypnosis test because he only presented two personalities. After Bianchi’s testimony, Bianchi started to m ake up a new personality, named Billy. However, the jury remained suspicious, and eventually Kenneth Bianchi was found guilty. In effect, his defense, depending on a claim of Multiple Personality Disorder, was deemed unconvincing. Kenneth Bianchi almost got away with murder.

Psychology: Learning by Doing Essay

A news article entitled â€Å"Keeping your DNA fit: Researchers find exercise buffs have ‘younger’ cells† was released by The Philadelphia Inquirer at the Psychology News Report Section of the American Psychological Association online. The news article was about the newest study released last January 28, 2008 stating that exercise could slow down the aging process in human beings. The authors of the study concluded that the people who exercise more take a slower course of aging than those who have been â€Å"chronically sedentary† (Flam, 2008).   The authors supported this claim with the experiment they conducted involving 67 pairs of identical twins where one of the twins had a sedentary lifestyle while the other had been mostly active and exercises regularly (Flam, 2008). The term exercising regularly has been operationally defined as â€Å"more than three hours a week running, cycling, pumping iron, or other vigorous activity† (Flam, 2008). On the other hand, sedentary has been defined as â€Å"less than 16 minutes [of exercise] a week on the average† (Flam, 2008). The comparisons of the twin’s telomeres revealed that those twins who exercise more have longer telomeres. The telomere is the part of the DNA which becomes shorter when it divides (Flam, 2008). For the old people, the telomere becomes too short for the DNA to be capable of dividing and thus, it just shut downs the cells but it continues to exist (Flam, 2008). The research still continues for the authors to be able to refine the study because there is still the â€Å"chicken-and-egg question† of whether it is the exercise that enables the people to stay young or the healthy condition that enables people to exercise more (Flam, 2008). Further studies would need to be done with this as there might be differences in the capacity of people such as the twins. Though they may have the same set of genes, there is still a difference with the environment they live in that makes them a lot healthier than the other twin and enables them to exercise more such as the type and quality of food available and the levels of stress. Indeed, the most appropriate conclusion for the study is that exercise is one of the factors that slow down the rate of aging but is not the sole reason for the slow aging process (Flam, 2008).    The news article was able to identify the basic answers to basic questions. It poses the side of the research itself and the whereabouts but does not even provide the title and authors of the study. The lead author was mentioned but this could do little compared to having the title of the study itself. In addition to this, alternative views were not presented clearly. References Flam, F. (2008). Keeping your DNA fit: Researchers find exercise buffs have ‘younger’ cells. Retrieved January 29, 2008, from http://psycport.apa.org/showArticle.cfm?xmlFile=knightridder%5F2008%5F01%5F29%5F%5F0000%2D0241%2DPH%2DKeeping%2Dyour%2DDNA%2Dfit%2D0129%2Exml&provider=The%20Philadelphia%20Inquirer.

Free Essays on Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. A Man With A Dream

Martin Luther King Jr. was a man who lived in a time where people were discriminated against for the color of their skin and for any other problem that white Christian men could find with them. King must have learned at an early age that most whites did not accept him and he had to grow up with the pain of being discriminated against for something that he could do nothing to change. This inspired him to give speeches and to try and break down the walls separating blacks and whites and he is probably the most well known name of anyone in the Civil Rights Movement. King was born on January 15, 1929 in Atlanta Georgia. His parents were Alberta Williams King and Martin Luther King, Sr. His father was a reverend and his grandfather on his mother’s side was a minister at Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta. When King was older he followed in his father’s footsteps becoming a reverend and serving as a pastor but at a different church, Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama. King was a very well educated man; he attended Morehouse College, Atlanta, Georgia where he earned his B.A. he also received a B.D. degree from Croser Theological Seminary, Chester, Pennsylvania, and a Ph.D. degree from Boston University. (ulib.iupui.edu/libinfo/mlkjr.html) Doctor King began his pastoral work at Dexter Avenue Baptist church in 1954. He was inspired to join the fight for civil rights after Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on the front of a bus for a white person. In 1955 King was elected president of the newly formed Montgomery Improvement Association, which was formed to fight civil rights abuses and to try and have action taken to protect the rights of blacks. King was made a national hero when the Supreme Court ruled in favor of Rosa Parks and said that the Montgomery bus policy was illegal. (ulib.iupui.edu/libinfo/mlkjr.html) Now that King was a nationally known figure he now had the power to spread his me... Free Essays on Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. A Man With A Dream Free Essays on Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. A Man With A Dream Martin Luther King Jr. was a man who lived in a time where people were discriminated against for the color of their skin and for any other problem that white Christian men could find with them. King must have learned at an early age that most whites did not accept him and he had to grow up with the pain of being discriminated against for something that he could do nothing to change. This inspired him to give speeches and to try and break down the walls separating blacks and whites and he is probably the most well known name of anyone in the Civil Rights Movement. King was born on January 15, 1929 in Atlanta Georgia. His parents were Alberta Williams King and Martin Luther King, Sr. His father was a reverend and his grandfather on his mother’s side was a minister at Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta. When King was older he followed in his father’s footsteps becoming a reverend and serving as a pastor but at a different church, Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama. King was a very well educated man; he attended Morehouse College, Atlanta, Georgia where he earned his B.A. he also received a B.D. degree from Croser Theological Seminary, Chester, Pennsylvania, and a Ph.D. degree from Boston University. (ulib.iupui.edu/libinfo/mlkjr.html) Doctor King began his pastoral work at Dexter Avenue Baptist church in 1954. He was inspired to join the fight for civil rights after Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on the front of a bus for a white person. In 1955 King was elected president of the newly formed Montgomery Improvement Association, which was formed to fight civil rights abuses and to try and have action taken to protect the rights of blacks. King was made a national hero when the Supreme Court ruled in favor of Rosa Parks and said that the Montgomery bus policy was illegal. (ulib.iupui.edu/libinfo/mlkjr.html) Now that King was a nationally known figure he now had the power to spread his me...

How to Write a Great Blog Post

How to Write a Great Blog Post How to Write a Great Blog Post How to Write a Great Blog Post By Ali Hale Blog posts might look straightforward, but if you’ve ever tried to write one, you may have found it was harder than you expected. Whether you want to start a blog as a hobby, as a step towards freelancing, or as a tool to promote your book your blog posts need to be well-structured and well-written. Of course, blogging offers a lot of freedom. You don’t have to write to a specific length, in the way that you would if you were writing a newspaper column or a magazine article. You can write short, newsy pieces, long, in-depth pieces, or anything in between. You’ve also got the freedom to pick your own topics – and to develop your own writing style. Perhaps you want to write nostalgic, gently humorous blog posts drawn from your own life or maybe you’d prefer to create detailed, reassuring tutorials for new WordPress users. Whatever you’re writing about, though, and whatever your reason for blogging, your blog posts need to work. They need to have a recognisable structure and they need to stick, more or less, to the point. Here’s how to write a great blog post: Step #1: Plan Your Post Before You Write Your blog post should have an introduction, main body and conclusion (or, if you prefer, a beginning, middle and end). Here’s how those work: The introduction should set the scene for your post and hook the reader. You might do this by asking a question, making a bold statement, or giving a quick anecdote from your own life. The main body is the real content of your post. It’s where you develop a particular line of discussion, share a story, or give your suggestions or tips on a particular topic. The conclusion wraps up your post. It’s easy to miss off – but it’s really important. It should sum up briefly and, ideally, offer the reader something to do next. Step #2: Draft Your Full Post While different bloggers work in different ways, I find that it’s usually best to draft a whole blog post from start to end (rather than writing a few paragraphs here and there to stitch together eventually). You could: Imagine that you’re emailing a friendly acquaintance as you write. I find that thinking about one reader helps me to get the draft of my post down as smoothly as possible. Jot down some brief notes for your introduction, then launch in with the first key point  that you want to make. It’s often easier to flesh out the introduction once you’ve written the actual post. Avoid editing as you write. If you need to fix a quick typo or restart an occasional sentence, that’s okay – but don’t start deleting whole paragraphs at this stage. When you’re mid-way through a draft, it’s hard to see what needs to go and what should stay. Step #3: Redraft Your Post Once you’ve got a rough draft of your post, it’s time to shape it for your blog. Since you’re writing for an online audience, it’s important to: Keep your paragraphs short. It’s harder to read on a screen than in print, so if you’re used to writing for books or magazines, you may need to cut your paragraphs in half. Keep (most of) your sentences short and straightforward. The occasional more complex sentence is fine – especially if you’re writing for an academic or well-educated audience – but mix things up with some short, simple sentences too. Use a conversational writing style. That means using â€Å"I† and â€Å"you†. These aren’t appropriate in academic writing, so you might have been taught not to use them at school but when you’re blogging, it’s fine to write as though you’re talking directly to the reader. (Just like I’m doing right now!) Step #4: Format Your Post Once you’re happy with the post as written, it’s time to move on to the formatting – how your post looks. You might want to: Include subheadings and/or bold text. These help to â€Å"signpost† important parts of your post for the reader – for instance, in this post, the different steps each have their own subheading so you can easily figure out where you are within the post. Add images where appropriate. Many bloggers like to start off their posts with an eye-catching image to draw the reader in. Images also help to create â€Å"white space† (the blank bits of the page around the words and images), which makes your post look more attractive and inviting. Add links to other posts (on your blog or elsewhere). One great advantage of writing online versus writing in print is that you can link to other resources. That might mean linking to an explanation about something you mention in passing, for instance, to help your readers who are new to your subject area. Step #5: Edit Your Post While you could tackle the editing before the formatting, I find it’s helpful to do a quick edit, at least, after putting subheadings, images and links into place. When you edit: Look out for typos and misspellings. Your default spellchecker won’t necessarily catch all of these. Some bloggers find that it’s helpful to view their post in a larger size, or to preview it live on their blog, to help mistakes stand out. Check that your links are working. It’s frustrating for readers (and embarrassing for you) if a post goes live with broken links in it. Look for areas where your post could be more polished. In this post, for instance, I went back while editing to make sure that each of the â€Å"steps† had three bullet points, so that they all matched. Of course, writing blog posts is more of an art than a science – and I definitely don’t want you to think that there’s only one â€Å"right† way to do it.  These tips, though, should help you to produce polished blog posts that are enjoyable to write and that are easy for your readers to engage with. (And if youre looking for some more suggestions, check out Sarahs post 10 Tips on How to Write the Perfect Blog Post.) I hope you enjoy blogging as much as I do and if you have a great tip to share about writing blog posts, leave it in the comments for us! Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:70 "Home" Idioms and ExpressionsConnotations of 35 Words for Funny PeoplePeople vs. Persons

Privilege Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Privilege - Essay Example For instance, a reading culture was developed in me at an early age. I did a lot of reading as a child, sometimes for two to three hours a day, and this habit has persisted in my adulthood. Even though I did not notice it, my reading that had been encouraged by my parents gave me a great advantage over other children who were the same age as I was. This large amount of reading was critical in enhancing my abilities to write and read which, is a privilege that is not available to all children. My family also had home-made meals together almost every day of the week, with appropriate settings that were done by my mother. Growing up, I hated the idea of being forced to clean up before taking a seat at the dinner table. Eventually I understood that these meals and bonding with my family provided me a chance to learn good manners, acquire communication skills, and the capacity to discuss and disagree without being disrespectful. I also travelled a lot as I grew up as a result of the job my parents did. Even though sometimes I missed my friends and people that I was familiar with, I still got a chance to visit a lot of places and almost all the states in the country. I also got the chance to travel to Canada, the United Kingdom and Mexico where I met and interacted with many different people from diverse backgrounds. I was able to take hikes in the Grand Canyon, go kayaking among the sea lions while we were visiting Northern California and visit various national monuments that are in Washington DC. Regardless of the fact that most of the trips that were taken by my family were within the United States, I still had a privilege that most of the children do not have as they do not travel as much as I did. Most of the children I grew up with considered my life as being privileged and it usually offended me when they mentioned this to me. My family

Halal Food Consumption in Thailand Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Halal Food Consumption in Thailand - Essay Example It is very crucial to study customer behavior and models that can predict customer behavior so as to somehow test their validity while understanding the pattern of Halal food consumption, particularly in Thailand. Thailand which is home to Buddhist people is of interest in this study considering that the country is a major exporter of Halal food across the world. Thus, it is of interest to study customer behavior and some factors that relate to the prediction of consumption of Halal food among the people in Thailand. Religious influence is known to affect human behavior and studies focusing on its influence on consumer behavior have also been illustrated. It is noted that religion which is a subset component of culture, has the direct and indirect influence on people’s consumption behavior. All world religions have rules governing food choices that are used in daily life including but not limited to special ceremonies, sacred rituals, and cultural practices or traditions. It can be understood that people make a decision on food choices (consumer behavior) according to the taboos and obligations of the society’s religion. In Muslim population, for example, Halal (permitted) food products are widely accepted because they are considered to be natural, safer, and healthier since they have been prepared according to Islamic law and rites. Research studies indicate that consumer behavior can be understood by studying on consumer’s aspect that affects consumer choices. This has been found to be affected by factors such as cultural influence, psychological, physiological, and social and lifestyle factors. In other words, these factors can be significant predictors of Halal food consumption among Muslim people. However, it is also of great concern and interest to find out who are the significant other consumers of Halal food knowing that its industry is growing worldwide. This idea brings forward to investigating, in general, the intention of Halal food consumption.

Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Maslows Hierarchy of Needs - Essay Example These two levels, according to Maslow are closely related to each other. While love/belonging generally refers to emotionally-based relationship such as family and friends and safety needs concerns security and order in home and in the workplace. From Maslows perspective on human needs for recognition reward in the workplace, people will not need any sort of material reward if they themselves feel satisfied about the job they have done. In some organizations, an extrinsic reward system may not work because one of its main tenets is providing material rewards (i.e. bonus, gift checks, movie passes) just to persuade an individual to perform better in his work. â€Å"Its not sustainable; if you withdrew the reward, the motivation disappears† (DAusilio, â€Å"What Motivates†). DAusilio also writes in that it is hurts the intrinsic and â€Å"removes their innate desire to do it in his own† (â€Å"What

Consider Pip from Great Expectations and Ralph from Lord of the Flies Essay Example for Free

Consider Pip from Great Expectations and Ralph from Lord of the Flies Essay Which character do you think gives the most realistic portrayal of childhood? Both of these novels contain depictions of childhood. An important fact to keep aware of is that in Dickens portrayal of childhood, there are adults present to mould Pip through his encounters with them, whereas Golding leaves his characters free from any guiding adult hand. Pips sister being on the rampage when she felt Joe or Pip had done the slightest thing wrong, is different to Ralphs experience of childhood on the island as the closest thing he has to an adult guide is Piggy, who whilst undoubtedly more intelligent than the other boys, lacks the respect and authority an adult commands. Pip and Ralph are alike however in their longing for a lack of adults, but then the delight of a realized ambition overcame him. In the middle of the scar he stood on his head and grinned at the reversed fat boy. No grown ups! Is what Golding tells us of Ralph, and similarly Dickenss Pip calls them all toadies and humbugs. Although these views both seem to concur that a lack of adults is definitely a good thing, they do differ somewhat, I do not believe Ralph would go so far as to call all adults toadies and humbugs and this is certainly to do with their different backgrounds. Ralph is a Home Counties lad with a father high up in the navy who knows that the queen has a drawer full of maps, whereas Pip is the adopted son of a blacksmith and although Ralphs lifestyle may not necessarily have been glamorous, it was much more homely and welcoming than the one Pip enjoys. The two novels are also set over a greatly differing time span. Lord of the Flies lasts perhaps several weeks at the most, whereas Pips childhood lasts several years in Great Expectations. Obviously this will play a part in how realistic their childhoods seem as we see no more than the blinking of an eye of Ralphs, but have a much more in depth viewing of Pips. Adults mould Pip throughout his childhood, and the most important adults involved in this are Pumblechook, Mr Wopsle and Pips sister. All of these have a tendency to look down on Pip, and it is for that reason that Joe is not included in the list, as he and Pip treat each other like equals. Ralph on the other hand has no guiding force behind him throughout all the time the reader knows him. Whereas Ralph is a very expressive child, he stands on his head and laughs and looks golden, Pip is not, in the early stages of the book, free from the tyranny of his sister. So there is a crucial difference between the two novels in that Ralph and his companions are free to be children without adult ideals being laid upon them, whereas Pip is expected to be a child the way society expects him to be, be grateful boy to them which bought you up by hand being a good example of this. A key aspect of childhood is Fear, fear of the dark, fear of the unknown and fear of adults to name but a few. Both authors work this aspect of childhood into their novels somehow. Dickens does this with Magwitchs young man a boy may lock his door, may be warm in bed, may tuck himself up, may draw the clothes over his head, may think himself comfortable and safe, but that young man will softly creep and creep his way to him and tear him open. All this to scare Pip into getting him some wittles and it works, from the language in that quote, it is obviously apparent that Dickens had a very good idea of childhood and its workings, on of the few things universal to children is that they do think bed to be the ultimate haven. Pip is scared by Magwitch into stealing from his sister, who he is already afraid of, and this is significant in that it shows Dickens had a very good grasp of what childhood was about, and is thus likely to have a very good portrait of childhood in his novel. Possibly even more significant than this is that Pip steals a file from Joe his trusted friend, and this also shows more understanding on Dickens part about children, they do not discriminate between close friends and others to the extent older people do. And so we see the counter part to this in Lord of the Flies, when alone and with no adults on the desert island the children feel the need for a fire and steal Piggys glasses to light it. Piggy is Ralphs main ally on the island, and certainly Ralph is Piggys only friend, so the situation is much akin to the one in Great Expectations but we do not see the same level of remorse from Ralph. Instead of Pips fearful I held tight to the leg of the table under the cloth, with both hands, and awaited my fate in anticipation of any retribution that may be dealt out, all that Golding says of the boys remorse at leaving Piggy blind and helpless is for Ralph to hand them back when done with them, and it is here that it seems as though Golding has a better understanding of children, he appreciates that their consciences are not yet fully developed as they are unable to grasp the implications of what they have done. The fear that grows apparent on the island however is not the same kind of fear as Pip experiences. One of the little-uns complains of a beastie, nonsense is the response he gets from Ralph, and yet The vivid horror of this, so possible and nakedly terrifying held them all silent. And it is here where the crux of the argument begins to form for Dickens having the better portrayal of childhood. The Beastie is in fact symbolic of the horror humans will create on the island, and the rest of Goldings novel is also mostly symbolic, whereas Great Expectations isnt. The natural reaction for Ralph and company to have is to try and ward of the beastie somehow, and thus the fire begins to become more than simply a rescue beacon. The relationships between characters is also a major part in the views we are offered of childhood. Golding uses the views of others to reveal aspects of the main characters, and so influence how we feel about them, Piggys view of Ralph and the others Like a crowd of kids - is supposed to make the reader feel that Piggy is far more mature, and that in turn Ralph is excessively immature, and childlike. Dickens however uses Pips perspective throughout the novel, and the language he uses differs greatly at the start as compared to the finish for the purposes of showing the transition between child and adult. For example I religiously entertained that they had been born on their backs with their hands in their trouser pockets is clearly not the impression an adult would get from having dead brothers or sisters, and most likely not the way they would describe them. However at the end of the book the language use has progressed to statements such as Oh, Joe, you break my heart! Look angry at me, Joe! Strike me, Joe! Tell me of my ingratitude. Dont be so good to me. This is a statement the younger Pip would have been incapable of making, ti shows the complex differences in language that Dickens appreciates children use as compared to adults. In Great Expectations Pip is not treated as an adult, he is treated as a particularly worthless child, and as such he forms negative opinions of the adult world he will have to grow into, that ass Pumblechook being just one example of the way Pip views this world, however Dickens also understands that childrens attitudes change very quickly, as does Golding, and so when Pip obtains Great Expectations and Pumblechook starts acting up to him, then he decides that maybe Pumblechook was a practical, sensible, good hearted fellow. This is also shown in Lord of the Flies because although by the end Ralph and Jack are literally at each others throats, when making the fire at the start Ralph finds a log that looks too heavy, but gets the reply of Not for the two of us! And so Golding shows the reader a glimmer of hope that the two may get along well, but they dont, and this demonstrates the inconsistency of children. Ralph has responsibility for the other boys on the island, and this causes him in many aspects to grow up. Instead of being completely child like and swimming, diving and running about, he gets worked up because the shelters havent been made and the other are incapable of concentrating And they keep running off. You remember the meeting? How everyone was going to work hard until the shelters were finished? This is not a very childlike statement, children get frustrated because they dont get their own way, Ralph is not saying Im the leader and they dont obey me but instead worrying that the community is beginning to tear apart, a concern more voiced on tabloid letter pages than childrens conversations. Pip however has no such responsibility, admittedly while he does some chores set him by his sister, or his lessons under Mr Wopsles great aunt that preposterous female, he is nowhere near as empowered as Ralph who has been voted to care for a few dozen boys. And so this also affects the childhood of the two we see, while Ralph had the easiest growing up previous to the novel (with his parents) as opposed to Pips dead parents and harsh sister, he is given a far more demanding role to play. And the way he deals with it is not very childlike; in fact it comes to eventually represent the way a tired adult may feel, worn down, beginning to despair and wondering why on earth hes taken the responsibility at all. And this is another key point to consider, Goldings children are literary metaphors for mankind, whereas Pip, although he teaches the reader about aspects of the human character, is not supposed to be representative of the whole human race, and so more likely to represent childhood better. Yet another fact to remember is that Golding and Dickens were writing in very different times. Dickens was writing in what was the height of Victorian England and was teaching about society in those days. Whereas Golding was writing after the World Wars and so was trying to tell a more global message. So his Ralph is, although a child, not necessarily entirely representative of one. Pip however is forced to be a child by the constraining presence of his sister, Pumblechook and eventually the bond apprenticing him to Joe, all things that represent Victorian society, and yet things that still apply today even if in a different form, such as parental control and discipline and mandatory education. Childhood on Goldings island is also not really something enjoyed particularly by Ralph and his peers, instead it is the littleuns who are the children, Ralph and the other bigger boys find themselves in the positions of adults simply because they are the biggest ones on the island. Perhaps because they are not completely mature at the time this does not help them deal with the events that happen on the island. There is possibly a case for saying that Pip too, is no ordinary child and has to grow up very fast in his attempts to impress Estella and grows up even more rapidly once he has his expectations laid upon him. However this is most likely a part of his childhood akin to the beginning of school and as this has been a part of life for every child in the last hundred years and more, this is not something that can be argued as not being a part of childhood. And most certainly at the start of the novel Pip is a child plain and simple, with no more worries than his sisters rampages. Another aspect of childhood to consider is trust and loyalty. Children are usually trusting unless something happens to make them otherwise. In Lord of the Flies, loyalty is shown by the twins and Piggys dedication to Ralph and their faith in him to get them through. Ralph however displays a special kind of loyalty, a loyalty to the good side of human nature and a deep trust in fair play. Pips trust however is in Joe and his own learning, but the trust is very temporary with Joe, it is more of a mutual agreement to be equals. And Pip is more than happy to trade his oldest friend for some money and a life in London. Here again we see that Dickens understands children are rarely consistent, whereas Golding is trying to use children as a metaphor for something much bigger. To conclude I believe that Pip is by far the better portrayal of childhood. Childhood does not generally involve the lack of adult presence to so huge an extent as it does in Lord of the Flies, however the battles of child against adult and adult society such as are seen in Great Expectations do occur almost universally. I think that some qualities the reader sees in Ralph, such as the headstands, do display the kind of innocent glee a child might express, but other than that Ralph and is peers are all examples of the human race and so representative of those who rule the world, adults, and not of children who merely inhabit it. Goldings book is a political message of its time, whereas Dickens was writing a novel, but his was free from the idealism that contaminates Goldings work. Dickens novel still had a point, but this point was made about the way in which his society worked and in particular his belief that money is a great corrupter. Therefore I believe that Dickens Pip is the most realistic portrayal of childhood as he behaves like a child, his expressions and attitudes are all those common to children. Dickens also displays a deep understanding of how children work, and this comes across in Pips actions. Goldings children however are only just recognisable as children, they could easily be replaced with full grown adults and still the story would work just as well.